This study explores the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with pregnancies at the extremes of maternal age, specifically focusing on mothers under 20 and over 35 years of age. Utilizing data from a comprehensive cohort study, we examine the risks and complications that arise during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period for both mother and child. The analysis highlights key maternal risks, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and preterm labor, as well as neonatal complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions.

The study also investigates the influence of socioeconomic factors, access to healthcare, and pre-existing health conditions on these outcomes. Findings indicate that pregnancies at the extremes of maternal age are associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and tailored prenatal care to mitigate these risks. The research underscores the importance of public health strategies that address the unique challenges faced by younger and older mothers to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on maternal and neonatal health, providing valuable insights for healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers in developing effective strategies to support at-risk populations.