Evaluating Annual Bifacial Gain and Energy Yield of Bifacial Modules in Low Latitude Regions

Abstract

This study focuses on evaluating the annual bifacial gain (BG) and the annual energy yield (AEY) of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules in low latitude regions, where solar irradiance is abundant and the potential for solar energy generation is significant. Bifacial PV modules, capable of capturing sunlight on both the front and rear sides, offer a promising technology for enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency. Understanding the performance of these modules in low latitude regions, characterized by high solar angles and intense irradiance, is crucial for optimizing their deployment and maximizing their energy output.

The primary objective of this research is to quantify the annual bifacial gain and energy yield of bifacial PV modules installed in low latitude regions. The study aims to assess how different factors, such as ground albedo, module tilt angle, and installation height, influence the performance of bifacial modules in these environments. By providing a comprehensive analysis of these parameters, the research seeks to offer valuable insights into the potential benefits and limitations of using bifacial technology in regions with high solar energy potential.

The study employs a combination of field measurements, simulation models, and analytical techniques to evaluate the performance of bifacial PV modules. Field data were collected from installations in representative low latitude locations, capturing variations in solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and ground reflectivity. Simulation models, calibrated using the field data, were used to estimate the annual bifacial gain and energy yield under different installation configurations.

Key parameters analyzed include:

Ground Albedo: The study examines the impact of ground reflectivity on the rear-side irradiance received by the bifacial modules. Different surface types, such as sand, grass, and concrete, were considered to understand their effect on energy yield.

Tilt Angle: The tilt angle of the modules plays a crucial role in optimizing both the front and rear-side energy capture. The research explores various tilt angles to determine the optimal configuration for maximizing energy output.

Installation Height: The height at which the bifacial modules are installed influences the amount of rear-side irradiance they receive. The study evaluates different installation heights to identify the best practices for maximizing bifacial gain.

Keywords

bifacial modules, bifacial gain, energy yield, low latitudes, solar energy, photovoltaic systems